Small commercial vermicomposting systems. Small bins are relatively portable (Figure 4).

Small commercial vermicomposting systems The large-scale systems require large volumes of wastes and are mainly used for commercial purposes (Benítez et al. Select a container or bin that suits your needs. Her profiles of successful worm growers across the United States and from New Zealand to the Middle East and Europe describe their proven methods and systems. 05) 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 0 14 28 42 56 70 Time (days) This Phase I SBIR Project will evaluate new vermicomposting technology at high production volumes and document the product quality in terms of chemical and microbiological composition. Nov 14, 2018 · Released by Chelsea Green Publishing in early November, the 256-page paperback covers a multitude of topics in depth, including the potentially lucrative business of vermicomposting, benefits of vermicast to soil and plant health, earthworm anatomy and physiology, facility design, process management and monitoring, and case studies of Why Worm Composting is Ideal for Small Spaces. In a more complex system the grid system is constructed from tubing which can be turned and loosens the castings. Worm Bins are completely above ground, and they come in all shapes and sizes (Figures 2 and 3). Commercial Vermicomposting Industrial and Large Scale Units. com An Overview of Vermicomposting Systems; On Farm Vermiculture; The Value of Vermicompost; Potential Income Diversification; I consider this to be one of the most valuable free resources for the vermicomposter looking to scale up a hobby-level operation or explore which vermicomposting method is appropriate to your situation. The purpose of this page is provide you with an overview of worm composting. Continuous Flow Vermicomposting Systems. The following conditions need to be Nov 8, 2018 · “Rhonda Sherman sheds light on the mysterious world of worms and provides valuable insight into the worm composting industry. Deep burrowers include the common garden worm or Nightcrawler, (grey/pink color and about 15 cm long) and they eat soil mixed with decaying organic Vermicomposting uses worms to decompose waste and make nutrient-rich "worm manure". Vermicomposting How-To Step 1: Make or acquire a bin. Specialised care: Vermicomposting systems require specialized care, including maintaining the proper temperature, moisture, and feeding regimes for the worms. In this blog post, we’ll explore the exciting world of scaling up vermicomposting for commercial applications. Limited versatility: Vermicomposting systems are generally not suitable for composting materials that are highly acidic or toxic. You add food to the top tray until it is full and then switch to the next one. Unlike other worm bins or vermiculture equipment, the CFT process is more gentle on worms and microbes. Rhonda Sherman ; Biological Agricultural Engineering ; North Carolina State University ; 2 Original Vermitech Systems, Ltd. “Hey, I'm considering diving into commercial worm farming here in Bendigo, Victoria, Australia. The Elite II is efficient and easy to use. “I've recently started getting very interested in sustainable gardening and stumbled upon worm composting. Dec 1, 2020 · The Alabama/Georgia Jumper (Amynthas Gracilis) are well suited to tropical and subtropical areas, especially in Asia. In this study, a low-maintenance vermicomposting system was evaluated as manure and food waste management system for small-holder farmers. Take a virtual tour of a vermicomposting facility. Businesses that generate food waste include restaurants, grocery stores, hotels, food processors, nursing homes, wholesale food outlets and farmers markets, shopping malls Get the gold standard in mid-scale vermicomposting equipment! The Wormgear (formerly Michigan SoilWorks) CFT is a commercial-scale continuous flow vermicomposting system and is the *only* modular system on the market. Sep 14, 2023 · Time Investment: Building and maintaining a DIY worm bin can be time-consuming, especially if you’re new to vermicomposting. (2009) found variations of crude protein content in Eisenia spp. Dec 19, 2024 · How to Set Up a Vermicomposting System Step 1: Choose a Worm Bin. Now, let’s talk about commercial worm bins. They may be made of old plastic containers, wood, Styrofoam, or metal Importance of nutrient harvesting from liquid wastes through aquaculture production in vertically integrated systems is well established. The size of the cement ring should be 90 cm in “Pre-composting” is a term used in vermicomposting to mean the early active phase of aerated composting when pile temperatures exceed 55° C (131° F) for a minimum of three days. Worm composting comparisons and uses 2. For vermicomposting at home, a large variety of bins are commercially available, or a variety of adapted containers may be used. Commercial vermicomposting systems have been about to help make the procedure faster and much easier. Estimating quantities and the rate of composting 5. Morarka-GDC Rural Research Foundation runs a program that teaches vermiculture and Small scale Demonstration home scale worm bin at a community garden site (painted plywood) Diagram of a household-scale worm composting bin. Vermicomposting is increasingly being adopted by businesses, institutions, farms, and municipalities for managing organic waste. Nov 19, 2019 · The Basics of Worm Composting What is worm composting? Many people turn to worm composting (or vermicomposting) as a way to keep everyday kitchen waste out of the trash. It is undoubtedly the most common system in use - likely because it is also generally the least expensive. Our CFT vermicompost system is designed to improve the well being of your worms and soil microbes. R. This simple, low-cost option is the best solution for your demonstration/pilot project and might be the final project solution for applications such as top of landfill, small systems, or community composting needs. At Wormgear, we understand the challenges you face in securing the funding necessary to kickstart your endeavors. Beyond Home Use: Scaling Up Vermicomposting for Commercial Applications Introduction Greetings, vermicompost visionaries! While vermicomposting is commonly practiced at home, its potential extends far beyond personal use. I want to make sure I'm investing in the right tools from the get-go, but I also don't want to go overboard with unnecessary items. Nevertheless, they operate best when ventilation is good and the material they are living in is relatively porous and well aerated. Dr Jorge Domínguez, head of the Soil Ecology Laboratory at the University of Vigo in Spain, has been studying a wide range of scientific aspects of this discipline and developed a comprehensive vermicomposting VermiFlow is a continuous flow through vermicomposting system. Small bins are relatively portable (Figure 4). Whether you run a small cafe, school dining hall, or a large resort hotel, our composting systems can help your business significantly reduce waste and positively impact the environment. Larger and commercial flow through worm bin systems have a breaker bar or blade installed just below the grid. C. As a general rule of thumb, you should not add more food scraps to the bin until Jan 4, 2025 · • Suitable for small to medium-scale operations • Can be done indoors or outdoors. Can I use this commercial composting system for worm composting or do I need to invest in something different? Vermicomposting is practised in small-scale or home systems for wastes from kitchen and garden such as vegetable and fruit peels, coffee grounds and filters, tea bags, grains such as moldy and stale bread, cracker and cereal, eggshells, leaves and grass clippings etc. They quickly took the form of a long raised trough and evolved through efficiencies to the machines we know today. At the most basic level, worm bins consist of a waterproof container with holes for ventilation. They come ready-made with all the bells and whistles you could dream of. Both methods are invaluable for enriching your soil, so whichever you choose, your garden will benefit. Automated Systems: Mechanized systems for feeding, harvesting, and monitoring large worm populations. Albert Eggen, president ; 2328 Queen Street East ; Toronto, Ontario CANADA M4E 1G9 ; Phone 416/693-1027 ; Fax 416/693-9744 ; E-mail vermitech Jan 6, 2012 · Commercial vermicomposting systems have been about to help make the procedure faster and much easier. Vermicomposting can used by households, schools, farms, institutions, and businesses. If you’re after a larger capacity worm farming system, one that can process large amounts of food waste, you can make one out of a recycled old bathtub or buy one of the commercial wheelie bin worm Worms For Worm Farms & Education – Brian "The Worm Man" Donaldson – 0419 419 572 here of a small-scale vermicomposting system is meant to introduce the basic principles of vermicomposting. You can purchase a commercial vermicomposting bin or use a DIY approach with plastic storage boxes or wooden crates. Only a few of these worms are found in Hawaii, and not all of these are useful for vermicomposting. Organic materials can be vermicomposted on-site or transported to a centralized facility. Jan 16, 2024 · Worms in commercial vermicomposting units can operate quite well in their well insulated homes as long as there are small cracks or openings for ventilation somewhere in the system. Nov 8, 2018 · Vermicomposting expert Rhonda Sherman shares what she has learned over twenty-five years working with commercial worm growers and researchers around the world. Talk about return on investment! The benefits of vermicomposting Indian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 8, April 2009, pp 177-182 Towards modeling and design of vermicomposting systems: Mechanisms of composting/vermicomposting and their implications Tasneem Abbasi, S Gajalakshmi and S A Abbasi* Center for Pollution Control and Energy Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India Received 29 April 2008; revised 29 September 2008 ; accepted 2 Small indoor vermicomposting systems can handle up to 1–3 kg (2–6 lb) of food waste in a week and provide 40–60 L (10 to 15 gal) of vermicompost per year to provide a nutrient-rich humus source for garden and CONtENtS Apr 8, 2017 · Vermicomposting System described as low-technology vermicomposting systems (Edwards, 2011). Vertical Systems: Stacked beds or towers for maximizing space efficiency. To maintain a healthy vermicomposting system, consider the following: Feeding your worms: Overfeeding your worms can lead to uneaten food rotting, which reduces oxygen levels in the bin and creates an unhealthy environment. It will also use this data to detail operation costs providing an evaluation of commercial potential. As your Wormgear CFT. The Worm Farmer’s Handbook is my new first stop for practical, trustworthy vermicomposting information. Here’s a list of all the supplies you will need to get started. As a general rule, a pound of worms (approximately 1,000 worms) is sufficient for a small-scale vermicomposting system. Rhonda Sherman is a leading authority on vermicomposting and organizes the world’s only annual conference on large‐scale commercial vermicomposting (her 19th Vermiculture Conference took place November 10-11, 2018). Over 4,400 distinct species of earthworms have been identified and named by researchers. It is NOT a flow thru system but instead uses the wedge system for feeding and harvesting. Jun 7, 2022 · Commercial vermicomposting machines are a relatively new invention—the first concept appeared only 40 years ago. Continuous flow vermicomposting systems must endure the stresses of weight, moisture and cutting resistance – conditions which quickly degrade do-it-yourself CFTs and the competitors systems. There are many commercial worm farm setups available for purchase that are already assembled and ready to use if you don’t feel like being thrifty, but building your own worm farm system is surprisingly easy and cheap. •Small commercial equipment (skid-steer) •Combine the feed and moisture control system vermicomposting system, which introduces worms to the compost area The VermiBag Wedge is our newest bag and is by far the largest fabric Vermicomposting system on the market today. Several organizations in Canada and the US have implemented vermicomposting systems at different scales, from small bins for individual buildings to larger continuous flow systems that can process tons of organic material per day. But if you approach vermicomposting as a worm ranch, a system designed to keep your wiggly livestock healthy – the right temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels and a steady source of food and bedding – chances are you’ll do fine. Small scale vermicomposting systems are typically low-budget systems with limited throughput compared to well designed, cost effective continuous a household worm composting system, begin with a small-scale trial and learn the basics. These technologies range from windrow, small - scale batch vermicomposting to large – scale continuous flow systems. will be the centerpiece of your commercial worm composting operation, the placement of your CFT – and the conditions you maintain for it – should be central to your worm farm design. At Worm Digest we think that the earthworm, from its prostomium to its, umm, posterior, is fascinating, and a beautifully-designed creature. Sep 23, 2014 · Most worm farms consist of a set of stacked trays with legs, and don’t take up much room at all. Various vermicomposting technologies have been in use from time past to present. Jan 11, 2024 · The includes small scale systems of vermicomposting for the disposal of household wastes. Commercial Vermicomposting Systems - Commercial Vermicomposting Systems. A properly maintained vermicomposting system does not produce odors or attract pests. The continuous flow system is a single container/bag where you add food to the top. Windrow vermicomposting technology in general is characterised as low capital expenditure (CAPEX) and Aug 16, 2014 · This document discusses the growing use of earthworms (vermicomposting) to process organic waste from institutions and municipalities. “I'm starting a commercial worm farm on a small plot near Portland, Oregon, and I'm getting a bit overwhelmed with all the different equipment options out there. scale vermicomposting operations. When these conditions are met, parasites, pathogens and weed seeds are destroyed and a considerable amount of heat energy is removed from the raw mix. I have more experience with traditional composting and already own a commercial composting system. With a vermicomposting system, on the other hand, the worst thing that could happen is your worms could die. An overv ew of vermicomposting systems. For commercial or large-scale applications, vermiculture can be scaled up significantly: Windrow Systems: Long, outdoor beds for processing large volumes of organic waste. bio-input production, needs for animal husbandry) but may be small. Composting worms . As with normal windrows, this vermi-system can be used either outdoors or inside a structure. Oct 7, 2022 · Worm composting, also called vermicomposting, leaves the work to nature. A vermicomposting system using the earthworm species Eudrilus eugeniae and treating cow manure and food waste was set up in Kampala, Uganda, and monitored for 172 days. The components of a vermicompost system 3. of up to 7% DM, which is notable considering the small differences in the feed mixes used by the authors. Ensure the bin has adequate ventilation and drainage. No matter how large or small, vermicomposting piles are contained in three basic types of systems: bins, beds and windrows. She is a frequent speaker, author of over a hundred publications and webpages, and author of the book The Worm Farmer’s Handbook: Mid- to Large-Scale Vermicomposting for Farms, Businesses, Municipalities, Schools, and Institutions. Production systems Worm production takes place at scales that range from a bin in the kitchen for pro-cessing household scraps or raising fi shing worms to large mechanized systems able to accommodate tons of organic material on a continuous basis. Nov 25, 2023 · The two main vermicompost systems are tray-based and continuous flow. Last week we talked about the standard 'worm bin' type of vermicomposting system. Hereg y the worms are fed an inch of "worm chow" across the top of the bed, and an inchp , of castings are harvested from below by pulling a breaker bar across the largebreaker bar across the large mesh screen which forms the base of the bed. Choosing the Right Commercial Composting Method A pilot scale study on vermicomposting of paper mill and dairy sludges 207 LSD (0. Oct 27, 2024 · The ideal number of worms required to initiate a vermicomposting system depends on the size of the system and the amount of organic waste being produced. This commercial-scale continuous flow system is the only modular design on the market, providing unmatched flexibility for your vermicomposting needs. The first step is to set up a vermicomposting system, which can range from simple homemade bins to more sophisticated commercial units. A restaurant in Albuquerque, New Mexico, set up a backyard worm composting system for its food waste. Similar to a no-till system, our process keeps a steady environment that doesn’t rely on regular disruption of this sensitive ecosystem. Vermicomposting Supplies At Wormgear, we manufacture a precision-engineered, expandable, low-labor worm composting system. How and where to obtain or purchase worms 4. Even if you don’t have a garden, composting is an admirable step toward a no-waste lifestyle, and using a worm composting system is one of the easiest ways to start. Sep 5, 2022 · Reproducing worms form cocoons that look like small lemon-drop eggs from which 2-5 new worms will hatch. Though wastewater reuse systems in aquaculture widely differ with respect to degree of pretreatment and its methods which have a direct bearing upon the economic conditions of the end users, the ecological and socioeconomic impact analyses exhibited overall Mar 5, 2024 · Implementing Vermicomposting on a Small Scale. Title: Commercial Vermicomposting Systems 1 Commercial Vermicomposting Systems. Let’s talk about the basic things you need: a worm bin, red worms, and organic material. Initially, a small-scale laboratory experiment was For a small garden in Sydney, vermicomposting might offer you quicker, space-efficient results with high-quality output. 1. Using a passive solar greenhouse (hoophouse) for worm composting 7. Nov 1, 2023 · Vermicomposting is a good technology for the valorisation of industrial, domestic, municipal and agricultural wastes. In a basic frow through systems a small shovel or rake loosens the castings from the grid. The second type of large- l V i iscale Vermicomposting system is the raised bed or flow-through system. The zips make it very easy to open and maintain, and the design is attractive. However, the farmer is interested in two main categories of earthworms, namely “deep burrowers” and “surface dwellers”. The Basics of Vermicomposting. The vermicompost may be used for farming, landscaping, to create compost tea, or for sale. « I’m a beginner to vermicomposting and I absolutely love this product. Some of these operations produce worms for bait Aug 17, 2017 · The small-scale vermicomposting systems are suitable for households and offices. Vermicompost (vermi-compost) is the product of the decomposition process using various species of worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms, to create a mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast. Containers and box systems are more labour-intensive since batches have to be moved in order to add more wastes or water. The worm bin is where your composting worms will live. Commercial worm composting bins are like the luxury cars of vermicomposting. Mar 1, 1998 · We studied vermicomposting with Eisenia andrei of sludges from a paper mill mixed with cattle manure in a six-month pilot-scale experiment. , 2002). Introduction to Vermiculture There are over 6,000 species of worms in the world, many of them not even named or studied. They carefully monitor the moisture, temperature, and oxygen levels within the vermicomposting systems to create a favorable environment for earthworms. Commercial Worm Bins. The system holds over 100 Gallons of compost and and can easily support over 15 lbs of worms. Getting started will also require an initial investment. 3 days ago · Since they don't burrow deeply into the soil and prefer to eat rich organic matter, epigeic worms adapt easily to vermiculture and vermicomposting systems. See full list on urbanwormcompany. Key FeaturesMade of light-weight, strong and cleanable aluminum compositeHarvest quickly and easily using a cordless drillFinished vermicompost is Nov 7, 2021 · Planning your installation is an important step in starting a continuous flow vermicomposting system. . My only concern is that while my worm bin has been establishing smaller worms have been escaping through small gaps at the ends where the zip meets the fabric. It is however, the best technology for backyard vermicomposting of garden and kitchen wastes (Figure 1). Jun 22, 2022 · Looking to buy a worm composter online? The "Ultimate Guide to the 9 Best Worm Composters" is the internet's most comprehensive review of worm compost bins with summaries, pictures, customer ratings, and customer likes and dislikes. If your CFT fails, you pay three times. Large Scale Vermicom­posting: Large scale vermicomposting is practised in developed countries like Canada, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, and the United States. , 2019c, Awasthi et al Aug 16, 2014 · This document discusses the growing use of earthworms (vermicomposting) to process organic waste from institutions and municipalities. Whether you’re an aspiring commercial vermicomposter or Nov 8, 2018 · Rhonda organizes the world’s only annual conference on large‐scale commercial vermicomposting. Essential commercial worm farm equipment includes bins or stackable towers, aeration and moisture control systems, bedding and sifters. Here is a video I made some time ago that discusses the "fundamentals" of worm composting. May 28, 2024 · Maintaining Your Vermicomposting System. They are ideal in size for a small household. Commercial-scale continuous flow systems are large rigid containers with a mesh-grated bottom. So, if you’re excited to get started with worm composting, you certainly may Apr 18, 2024 · Commercial scale vermicomposting is a great way to recycle organic waste and produce one of the best microbial stimulants for plant growth. There are three main large-scale vermicomposting system methods, which are classified as: flow through, beds, and windrow. Dec 2, 2024 · A vermicomposting system can be indoors or outdoors in the shade and sized to match the volume of food scraps put into the system. to run a successful vermicomposting system—whether it’s a small home worm bin or the largest of worm com-posting operations. Continuous operating data, finished vermicompost product evaluation, weekly system production, and related economical parameters of a working vermicomposting facility will be collected, in order to determine the commercial potential for integrating large-scale vermicomposting systems into existing dairy operations. Eisenia fetida constitutes about 80 to 90 percent of the earthworms used for vermicomposting and is the focus of this publication. ” ―James McSweeney, author of Community-Scale Composting Systems Aug 2, 2014 · 6. Available in seven pre-set sizes, each module is made from 2-inch tubular steel, which supports a grate system capable of holding 2 tons of material. García et al. Anaerobic Study best practices for on-site vermiculture systems for the commercial and industrial sectors. Worm composting is particularly suited for small spaces for several reasons: Compact Nature: Worm composting systems come in various sizes, with many designed to fit tight spaces like balconies or even under kitchen sinks. In this article we will discuss about large scale and small scale vermicomposting. They range from simple containers with perforated lids for aeration to more sophisticated commercially produced stacking systems of different sizes and complexity, including circular stacking systems. Sep 1, 2022 · A large-scale study involving data from 28 composting systems fed from commercial pig farms showed that reactor composting had the best results in terms of material degradation, nitrogen loss, antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance genes compared to conventional methods such static heap and windrow systems (Awasthi et al. Some people use a variation on windrows called the wedge system. Should you be would once online composting which requires only of any worm bin, shredded newspapers and Red Wiggler worms, this period, you'll need machineries to assist you achieve your goals. Feb 13, 2007 · windrows and container systems, and each system has a different design. Rhonda Sherman. The most familiar worms are soil- VERMICOMPOSTING Background & Life Cycle Analysis Sean Brandt 23 April 2001 VERMICOMPOSTING DEFINITION Vermicomposting is the process of creating reasonably odorless compost by red worms feeding on microorganisms that degrade organic matter such as food waste. Our modular Industrial and Large Scale Worm Bins are designed to expand with your growing operation. Types of Vermicomposting Systems. Choose the CFT size that suits you now and easily expands in the future with additional modules. The Elite II comes in various models to serve food waste producers of every size. The concept, developed by researchers in the 1970s, leverages the tendency of worms to migrate upwards into richer food sources, leaving the castings below. Because a small system can be so unforgiving in comparison to a large worm bed (much less space for worms to escape), it’s safe to say that if you can set up a thriving home bin you can likely do just fine with a larger system (larger systems do of course have their own unique set of challenges as well). If you’re looking for a comprehensive worm farming business course, your search is over. Only a few of these Vermicomposting in windrows is a slow process that can take up to 12 months to produce finished vermicast. The description here of a small-scale vermicomposting system is meant to introduce the basic principles of vermicomposting. The tray system has multiple containers stacked on each other. They typically set up and maintain vermicomposting systems, which can range from small-scale home setups to large-scale commercial operations. Jun 17, 2024 · From small-scale beginnings, much research has been done to scale up and optimise the physical and biological aspects of the system. These range from simple windrow systems to the flow-through systems used in the United States to i 2 The M. For small-scale farmers interested in adopting vermicomposting, the process can be started with a few simple steps. They can grow up to 6 inches long and can withstand temperatures ranging from 45 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit but the sweet spot for this specie is between 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit. Be assured that I will also be providing many other articles and blog posts that explore the various aspects of vermicomposting in much greater detail. Learn how to set up a worm bin at your office here. Drawbacks of vermicomposting: • Requires careful management to maintain optimal conditions for the worms • Not suitable for large-scale commercial operations • Limited to specific types of organic waste. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the essential steps to set up a commercial worm farm, detailing the required equipment, costs, and potential profits. Worm composting systems (components of a vermicomposting system) 6. Also see: The Benefits of Worms In Compost. Small scale systems, medium size commercial operations and industrial scale vermicomposting technology have matured and are vastly growing in applications worldwide. This restaurant in Boise began on-site vermicomposting in 2010. The modular design allows you to buy the CFT you need now with the ability to add modules in the future. Compostable material is loaded from the top, and finished vermicompost is harvested into collecting pans underneath by running a blade across the aluminum grate using a cordless drill. Morarka-GDC Rural Research Foundation runs a program that teaches vermiculture and Jan 1, 2007 · Worms in commercial vermicomposting units can operate quite well in their well insulated homes as long as there are small cr acks or openings for ventilation somewhere in the system. I've done a bit of research and even tried a small vermiculture setup as a hobby, but scaling it up to a commercial level is a different beast entirely. With over 32 (and counting) detailed video-based lessons from me plus PDF resources, the Urban Worm U Business Course gives you the information I learned from growing the Urban Worm Company into a side hustle generating over $1 million in sales and growing from sales of worm castings, the Urban Worm Bag Machines which use one or more augers for discharging compost from a compost bin but such arrangements are expensive for large-area bins and also less than satisfactory in a vermicomposting system, for example, where, ideally, worked material should be extracted from the lowermost layers of the charge with only negligible disturbance of the upper worm-containing layers of material. Vermicomposting is a promising biotechnology for many waste management applications. The Wedge System. We realize the purchase of an advanced vermicomposting system like a CFT is not taken lightly and we want our clients to be highly educated about a prospective purchase. Jan 25, 2019 · Rhonda Sherman North Carolina State University Extension Specialist, Department of Horticultural Science Raleigh, N. Oct 2, 2018 · Vermicomposting tanks made of ordinary bricks in a semi-commercial unit Vermicompost can also be prepared above the ground by using cement rings. It can be a simple plastic tub with holes for air and water or a bigger system if you need to compost more. You learn to secure feedstocks, compost, comply with regulations, and find end-user markets before you invest in a full-scale system. This means that the worm population in a vermicomposting system can grow quickly, increasing their ability to consume more and more organic matter. conw lecp cyynfb bsaau acdyl uua jmdlrh jdsypr dxlwc avohw